Hypertension

Learning Objectives:

• Define the differences and similarities in various treatment guidelines for hypertension
• Define barriers for treatment to goal in hypertensive patients
• Develop an optimal treatment plan for hypertensive patients

Review of the following articles and guidelines, in the order listed below, is recommended prior to beginning the module questions:

• The SPRINT Research Group* N Engl J Med 2015; 373:2103-2116.
• Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206-52.
• American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2015. Diabetes Care 2015;38(suppl 1):S1-94.
• Pfeffer M. A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control. N Engl J Med.2016;374(23):2290.
• KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2013;5:337-414.
• James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, et al. 2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults. JAMA 2014;311:507-20.
• Weber MA, Schiffrin EL, White WB, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community. J Clin Hypertens 2014;16:14-26.
• Rosendorff C, Lackland DT, Allison M, et al. Treatment of hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension.Circulation 2015;131:e435-70
• Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360(9349):1903-1913.